Adjectives & Adverbs
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES. Practice
this!
|
FORM |
ADJECTIVE |
COMPARATIVE |
SUPERLATIVE |
One syllable
Two syllables
Two or more syllables
Irregular adjectives
|
long
few
easy
famous
crowded
good
bad
much/many
little
far |
longer
fewer
easier
famous
More
crowded
better
worse
more
less
father/
further |
the
the
the
the |
longest
fewest
easiest
famous
crowded
best
worst
most
least
farthest/
furthest
|
|
USE |
EXAMPLES |
|
We
use than after a comparative adjective. |
Los Angeles
is bigger than Paris.
The
Ritz is more expensive than the Hilton. |
|
Much
can come before the comparative to add emphasis. |
She
is much younger than her brother.
Paris is much more expensive than
Buenos Aires. |
|
We
use the before a superlative adjective. |
The twin towers were the tallest buildings
in New York. |
|
As
... as shows something is the same or equal. |
Miami is as sunny as Los
Angeles. |
|
Not
as ... as shows something isn’t the same or equal. |
Italy isn’t as big as Argentina. |
* One
syllable adjectives ending with one vowel and a consonant double the
consonant:
big bigger biggest
fat fatter fattest
* This
doesn’t happen when the consonant is –w or –y:
new newer newest
grey greier greiest
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Miscellaneous
MASS AND COUNT NOUNS.Practice
this!
Mass
nouns.
|
USE |
EXAMPLES |
|
Mass
nouns have no plural form.
We
do not use a or an with them.
We
use them with a singular verb form. |
They
want some information.
I
don’t like music.
This
machinery is expensive. |
Count nouns.
USE
|
EXAMPLES |
|
Count nouns have a singular and plural form.
We
use them with a and an.
We
use with singular and plural verb forms.
|
This
machine is expensive.
Did
you have a good trip?
These machines are expensive. |
Some
nouns are both mass & count.
Mass
(general meaning)
James
writes about wine.
She has
a lot of experience of the travel industry.
Count
(specific meaning)
He’s
writing a book about the wines of Italy.
I had
some amusing experiences on my last holiday.
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1st
CONDITIONAL Practice
this!
|
if +
Present Simple, will + infinitive (without to) |
|
|
If
they offer me the job, I’ll accept it.
we'll have a lot of work if we get the contract. |
If you
don't study more, you'll fail your exam.
they
won't visit us if they're very busy.
If they
don't leave now, they won't arrive on time.
|
| |
|
|
|
QUESTION
____________________________________
Will you
buy a new car if you have the money?
If you
ask him, will he tell you?
What will
he do if his plane arrives late? |
SHORT
ANSWER
_____________________
yes, I
will.
No, he
won't.
_ |
|
USE
____________________________________
Future
possibilities and their results |
EXAMPLES
____________________________________
If the
proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in
Europe.
If the
weather is bad, the train will arrive before
the plane.
|
* The if clause can come
before or after the main clause. When the if clause comes first, we usually
put a comma between it and the main clause.
If the meeting is
successful, we'll sign the contract.
We'll sign the contract if
the meeting is successful.
* For things we are
certain will happen, we use when not if.
When he returns from the
USA, he'll contract you. (We know he will return)
We'll leave when we finish
the work. (We know we will finish the work)
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2nd
Conditional. Practice
this!
|
if + Past
Simple, would + infinitive (without to ) |
|
Positive
___________________________________________
If I had
more time, I'd travel more.
He'd
understand the reason if you explained it.
|
Negative
____________________________________
If he
didn't earn so much, he wouldn't spend so much.
I
wouldn't invest in that company if I were you. |
|
Questions
___________________________________________
Would you
stop work if you won 1 million?
Would he
work abroad if he got the chance?
If you
had six months off work, how would you spend the time? |
Short answer
____________________________________
Yes, I
would.
No, he
wouldn't. |
|
Use
___________________________________________
Unlikely
or unreal situations and their probable results |
Examples
___________________________________________
If public
transport were free, there would be fewer cars in the city centres.
If I were
the Transport Minister, I would increase
petrol prices. |
* The if clause can come
before or after the main clause. When the if clause comes first, we usually
put a comma between it and the main clause.
If I won a lot of money, I'd
buy Ferrari.
I'd buy a Ferrari if I won a
lot of money.
* With I, he, and she, we
can use was instead of were in the if clause, especially in a more informal
style.
If it was less expensive,
he would buy it.
* Could is both the Past and
the Conditional of can.
When she lived in Paris, she
could visit the Louvre ay any time. (Past)
When could make some of the
money if we changed motorists. (Conditional)
* The Past tense does not
refer to past time in a conditional sentence. It refers to an unreal
situation.
If I were the Transport
Minister,... (but I'm not).
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|
Simple
Solutions for Busy Teachers
